1.«È¢Ó¸õ

“¬í¸¢Äò¾¢ø ±ØòÐìÜð¼ø (spelling) ¦¾¡ø¨Ä, ¾Á¢Æ¢ø ºó¾¢ò ¦¾¡ø¨Ä. ¬í¸¢Äò¾¢ø ´Ä¢ôÀÐ §À¡ø ±ØÐÅÐ þø¨Ä; ´Ä¢ôÀÐ ´Õ Өȡ¸×õ, ±ØÐÅÐ ´Õ Өȡ¸×õ ¯ûÇÐ. ¾Á¢Æ¢ø ¦º¡ü¸ÙìÌ þ¨¼§Â º¢Ä ¦Áö¦ÂØòи¨Çî §º÷òÐî §º÷òÐ ±Øоø §ÅñÎõ; ¦Áö¦ÂØò¨¾ ±í§¸ §º÷ôÀÐ, ±í§¸ §º÷ì¸ì ܼ¡Ð ±ýÀÐ ¦¾Ã¢Å¾¢ø¨Ä” --þÐ ÀÄÃÐ þ¼÷ôÀ¡Î.

¬í¸¢Äò¾¢ø ±ØòÐì Üð¼ø Өȡø ÅÕõ ³Âí¸¨ÇÔõ, þ¼÷ôÀ¡Î¸¨ÇÔõ ±Ç¢¾¢ø §À¡ì¸¢ì¦¸¡ûÇ «¸Ã¡¾¢¸û §ÀվŢ Ò⸢ýÈÉ. ¾Á¢Æ¢ø ±ó¾ «¸Ã¡¾¢ ¦¸¡ñÎõ ºó¾¢ ÀüȢ ³Âí¸¨Çò ¾£÷òÐ즸¡ûÇ ÅÆ¢ þø¨Ä. ÀøÄ¡ñθû ¬úóÐ ¾Á¢ú ¸üÚô À¢ýÉ÷ “¦¾¡ýëø Å¢Çì¸õ” ±ýÛõ Å¢Ã¢Å¡É ¾Á¢ú þÄ츽 á¨Ä ±Ø¾¢Â ³§Ã¡ôÀ¢Âò ¾Á¢ÆÈ¢»Ã¡É Å£ÃÁ¡ÓÉ¢Å÷ ±ýÛõ ¦Ã¦ÅÃñð ¦ÀŠ¸¢ ¸£úì¸ñ¼Å¡Ú ÜÚ¸¢È¡÷: “------ he can neither understand them himself, nor will he ever be able to find them in any lexicon. ------ Still I shall here copiously give many rules, which I have learnt by long experience and accurate study.” -- Rev. Beschi, A Grammar of the Common Dialect of the Tamil Language, p.14.

¾Á¢Æ¢ø ºó¾¢ þÕôÀ¾üÌì ¸¡Ã½õ, ÀÆí¸¡Äò¾¢ø À¡÷òÐì ¸üÈ ¸øÅ¢ ̨È×; §¸ðÎì ¸üÈ ¸øÅ¢§Â Á¢Ì¾¢. À¡÷òÐì ¸üÌõ ¸øÅ¢ Á¢ÌóÐûÇ þ측Äò¾¢ø, ºó¾¢ ´Ä¢¸û §Åñ¼¡¾¨Å¡¸ ¯ûÇÉ. þÕôÀ¢Ûõ À¡÷ìÌõ ¸ñ¸ÙìÌ, ¦º¡ü¸û ¾É¢ò¾É¢§Â §¾¡ýÚ§Á ¾Å¢Ã, §¸ðÌõ ¦ºÅ¢ìÌò ¾É¢ò¾É¢§Â ´Ä¢ôÀ¾¢ø¨Ä. ‘¦ºÅ¢ ¦ºøÅõ’ ±Ûõ þÃñÎ ¦º¡ü¸¨Çò ¾É¢ò¾É¢§Â ±Ø¾¢ô À¡÷ì¸ þÂÖõ; ¬É¡ø ´Ä¢ìÌõ§À¡Ð ‘¦ºÅ¢î ¦ºøÅõ’ ±ýÚ §º÷òÐ ´Ä¢ì¸¡ÁÄ¢Õì¸ þÂÄ¡Ð. «Ð §À¡ý§È ‘¦º¡øÄ¢ ¦¸¡Îò¾¡ý’ ±Ûõ þÕ ¦º¡ü¸¨ÇÔõ ´Ä¢ìÌõ§À¡Ð ‘¦º¡øÄ¢ì ¦¸¡Îò¾¡ý’ ±ýÚ þ¨¼Â¢ø ‘ì’ §º÷ò§¾ ´Ä¢ì¸ §ÅñÎõ. þò¾¨¸Â Á¡Ú¾ø¸¨Ç§Â ºó¾¢ þÄ츽õ ÜÚõ.

¬í¸¢Äò¾¢Öõ ºó¾¢ ¯ñÎ. ¸£úì¸ñ¼ ¦º¡ü¸¨Ç §¿¡ì̸:
in + proper = improper
in + mature = immature
in + rational = irrational
in + logical = illogical
¬í¸¢Äò¾¢ø ‘in-‘ ±ýÛõ ±¾¢÷Á¨È Óý¦É¡ðÎ (negative prefix) «ÎòÐ ÅÕõ ¦º¡ü¸Ç¢ý Ó¾¦ÄØòÐì¸Ù째üÀ im-, ir-, il- ±É Á¡ÚÅÐ ºó¾¢ Á¡üȧÁ¡Ìõ.

ÀÆó¾Á¢Æ¢ø “¸ð˨Á Å¢¨ÇÅ¢ì̦ÁÉ×½÷󾡦ÉýÈõÀ¢” ±ýÚ ±Ø¾ §Åñʨ¾, þ측Äò¾¢ø “¸û ¾£¨Á Å¢¨ÇÅ¢ìÌõ ±É ¯½÷ó¾¡ý ±ý ¾õÀ¢” ±ýÚ À¢Ã¢òÐ ±ØÐÅÐ ¾ÅÈ¡¸¡Ð. ¬É¡ø ±ÉìÌò ¦¾Ã¢Ôõ ±ýÀ¨¾ ±ÉìÌ ¦¾Ã¢Ôõ ±É×õ, ¬Çô ÀÎõ ±ýÀ¨¾ ¬Ç ÀÎõ ±É×õ ±ØÐÅÐ ¾Å§È. ±É§Å þýȢ¨Á¡¾ þ¼í¸Ç¢ø ºó¾¢¨Âô ÀÂý ÀÎòÐÅÐ ¾Å¢÷ì¸ þÂÄ¡¾¾¡¸¢ÈÐ. «¾¨Éô ÀüÈ¢ þì¸ðΨâø «È¢Â ÓÂø§Å¡õ. «¾üÌ ÓýÒ, ÀûǢ¢ø ¸üÈ ¾Á¢ú þÄ츽í¸û º¢ÄÅü¨È ¿¢¨ÉÅ¢ø ¦¸¡û§Å¡õ.

ºó¾¢ þÄ츽õ þô¦À¡Ð Á¢ýëø ÅÊÅ¢ø. Å¡íÌžüÌ þíÌ ¦ºøÄ×õ.